Underreamer.



PATENTED AUG.1, 1905 1 ZSHEETS-SEBET 1.

K4 2% v. g f a 2% k .e I mm a E. DOUBLE.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 13, 1992.

wczneas as UNITED. ATE

PATENT OFFICE .,EDW ARD D U LOS ANGELES, CALIFORN UNDERRIEAMER.

. This invention relates to means for reaming out or increasing the bore of oil or Artesian well holes, and particularly to a device adapted to be passed through the well-casing and ream out or enlarge the bore of the well below the casing, so that the casing may be readily lowered.

The object of the invention'is to provide a device of this class which shall be extremely simple and cheap in construction and positive and eflicient in operation.

The invention consists generally in an underreamer comprising in combination a mandrel or body portion, said portion provided with a slotted extension having open sides and with a central bore, a removable cap or end block forming a central bar or bridge extending across the center of said slotted portion, said bar or bridge provided with lower faces downwardly and inwardly converging and forming a spreading portion, an automatic spring-actuated slip-operating rod slidably mounted in said center bore of the mandrel and provided with a key or head, and reamingbits adapted to extend into the slotted extension through the open sides thereof and provided with key-seats into which the ends of said keys or head are adapted to engage, said key-seats being somewhat larger than the ends of the key or head to permit the bits or slips 'to tilt or swing thereon and 'said bits provided with shoulders or portions adapted to extend inwardly to cont-act with the converging face of said bar or bridge.

The invention consists, further, in a mandrel having a center bore, a central socket or chamber, and an open-ended open-sided hollow extension through which portions of the bits extend up into said central socket or chamber and bear against the inner walls thereof; further, in utilizing the wall portions forming the" upper ends of said side slot as abutting surfaces against which shoulders on the bits are adapted to bear. i

The invention consists, further, in the constructions and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims and will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying draw Specification of Letters Patent. Application its; December 18,1902. Serial No. 135,792.

bits play.

Patented Aug. 1, 1905.

ings, forming part of this specification, in which FigureI is a longitudinal sectional view of an underreamer embodying my invention, taken, on line'I I of Fig. II, the reaming-bits having been removed, the end block or bridge,

being shown in place. Fig. II is a longitudinal sectional view thereof as the same ap- Fig. 111

pears when ready for underreaming. 1s a similar view as the same appears as the tool passes through the casing. Fig. 1V is an under side view showing the bits in the posi- Fig, V 1s an under side view,

tion of Fig. II. the bits having been removed. Fig. V1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view similar to .mandrel or body portion, which is provided with a central socket or chamber 2 and with a slotted extension having the walls 3 3 and open-sided slot 4. The body portion 2 is I also provided with the central bore 5, in which the slip operating and carrying rod 6 is adapted to slide. This rod is encircled by a coiled spring 7,one end of which bears against the shoulder or spring-seat 7 on the rod 6, the. other end bearing against the upper end of theend block 10. It is thus seen that the rod.

6 is normally held in a raised position. The rod 6 isprovided with a key or head 8, either integral or detachable, as desired. The end of the slot 4 is closed by a cap or end block,

10, forming a central bar or bridge, having parallel sides 11--and downwardly and inwardly converging or tapered faces 12 12-.-

As shown, this end block 10 is provided with tion 10 is cut away at its center in along slot,

thus forming an unobstructed open-sided chamber in which the key or head 8 and the This end block 10 is secured on forced upward by the tension of thexspring 7 and the reaming-bits drawn upward. The shoulders or portions 17 of the bits ride up the inclined faces of the spreading bar or end block 10, the key seats or sockets 15 permitting the bits to tilt on the key or head 8. The shoulders or surfaces 17 being brought up onto the straight sides of the bar or end block 10, the bits are held expanded. When it is desired to withdraw the underreamer from the well-hole, as the tool is raised the outer surfaces of the bits strike against the shoe of the well-casing, the rod 6 being thereby drawn down against the tension of the spring. As soon as the shoulders or surfaces 17 pass downward far enough on the sides 11 of the central bar or bridge 10 to reach the tapered surfaces 12 the bits will tilt until they are again in the position shown in Fig. II], when they pass freely through the casing.

I make the key seats or sockets 16 somewhat larger than the ends of the key or head 8, so that the lower ends of the bits or slips may tilt away from the bar or bridge 10 in expanding or tilt toward such bar or bridge when the shoulders or surfaces 17 pass downward far enough to slide inward on the converging spreading faces 12 of the bar 10.

It will be noted that the upper ends of the bits come within the socket or chamber 2, and when in position for reaming the outer faces 23 of the bits engage the inner surfaces of the chamber-walls, and the shoulders 14 of the bits or slips contact with the portions 24 of the mandrel. The portions 24 thus form abutting surfaces for the shoulders 14 of the reaming-bits. It will also be noted that the sides of the bits bear against the side walls of the slot 4, the walls forming guides preventing lateral play of the bits.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In an undcrreamer: in combination, a mandrel provided with a central bore and with an open-sided slotted extension, a removable end block or bridge adapted to be secured to the ends of said slotted extension, and having downwardly and inwardly converging faces and side bearing-surfaces, a spring-actuated rod slidably mounted in said central bore, the lower end of said rod provided with a key or head, and reaming-bits having key-seats somewhat larger than said key or head into which said key or head is adapted to extend, and said bits provided with tilting surfaces or shoulders adapted to contact with said converging faces on said central bar or bridge and to bear on said side bearing-surfaces when the bits are expanded.

2. In an underreamer, the combination, a mandrel provided with a central bore, and with an open-sided slotted extension, an end block or bridge portion and forming a central bar or bridge having spreading faces on its under side and bearing-surfaces on its sides, a springactuated slip-operating rod slidably mounted in said central bore, and provided with a bitengaging key or head, and reaming-hits provided with key-seats somewhat larger than said key or head into which said key or head is adapted to extend, said bits provided with tilting surfaces or shoulders adapted to move against said spreading faces and bear on said bearing-surfaces of said central bar when expanded and said bits provided with portions above said bearing-surfaces adapted to permit said bits to tilt inward when said rod is drawn down, so that said bits may tilt inward.

3. In an underreamer, in combination, a mandrel provided with acentral bore and with an open-sided slotted extension, a removable end or bridge block secured on the ends of said slotted extension and forming a central bar or bridge having downwardly and inwardly eonverging faces and side bearing-surfaces, a spring-actuated rod slidably mounted in said central bore, the lower end of said rod provided with a key or head, and reaming-bits having key-seats somewhat larger than said key or head into which said key or head is adapted to extend, and said bits provided with tilting surfaces or shoulders adapted to contact with said converging faces on said central bar or bridge and to bear on said side bearing-surface when the bits are expanded, the width of said slips adapting the lateral faces thereof to bear against the side walls of said slotted extension thereby preventing lateral movement of the slips.

4. In an underreamer, the combination, a mandrel provided with acentral bore, and with an open-sided slotted extension, a removable end block or bridge secured on said slotted extension, said end block or bridge having spreading faces on its under side and bearingsurfaces on its sides, a spring-actuated slip operating rod slidably mounted in said central bore, and provided with a bit-engaging key or head, and reaming bits provided with key-seats somewhat larger than said key or head into which said key or head is adapted to extend, said bits provided with tilting surfaces or shoulders adapted to move against said spreading faces and bear on said bearing-surfaces of said central bar when expanded, and said bits provided with portions above said bearing-surfaces adapted to permit said bits to tilt inward when said rod is drawn down, the width of said slips adapting the lateral faces thereof to bear against the side walls of said slotted extension thereby preventing lateral movement of the slips.

5. In an undcrreamer, the combination with a slotted mandrel provided with a downwardly projecting open ended slotted or chambered extension, an end portion detachably secured thereon and provided with a central bar or bridge extending over the center of said slot and provided with spreading faces, a spring-actuated rod slidably arranged in said slotted mandrel and having its lower end extending into the slot or chamber of'sa'id extension and provided with a key or head,

- theflside walls of said slotted 'or chambered portion and prevent lateral play of the bits.

6. In an underreamer, in combination, a mandrel provided with a central bore, a chamber or socket and'an open-sided slotted extension, an end block secured on said slotted extension, said end block provided with a central bar or bridge extending over the center of said slot and provided on its under side with spreading faces, a spring-actuated rod slidably arranged in said mandrel and-provided with abit-operating key or head,-and reaming bits or slips provided with cutting edges and with key seats or'sockets somewhat larger than the ends of said key or head, said bits provided with portions adapted to operate against said faces, and with surfaces to bear against the well-casing to tilt said bits inward.

7. In an underreamer,the combination,with a hollow mandrel, provided with a socket or chamber and with downwardly -extending walls having an open-sided slot therebetween, an end block on the ends of said walls and forming a bridge therebetween, said bridge portion provided with a wedge-shaped under surface, a spring-actuated 'bit supporting and,

operating rod slidably arranged in said hollow mandrel, and tilting bits freely, detachably and tiltingly supported on said rod and operated thereby, said bits provided with surfaces adapted to contact with said wedgeshaped under surface of said bridge, andwith portions to contact with the interior of the casing when the tool is drawn up into the casing.

8. In an underreamenthe combination, of a mandrel, provided with a central bore in its upper portion and an open-ended socket or chamber in its lower portion, the lower portion of the walls'of said chamber having openended parallel side slots, an end block keyed to the lower ends of said mandrel and forming a bridge across the ends-of'said slots, said block provided with spreading faces, aspringpasses through the casing, and portions adapted to slide upon said spreading surfaces.

9. In an underreamer, the combination, of

a mandrel provided with a central bore in its upper portion and'an open-ended socket or chamber in its lower portion, the lower portion of the Walls of said chamber having openended parallelside slots, the walls of the up:

per ends of said slots forming abutting surfaces, an end block keyed to the lower ends of said mandrel and forming a bridge across the open ends of said slots, said block pro-I vided with spreading faces, a spring-actuated rod slidably arranged in said central bore, means on said rod for supporting and operating the bits, and bits having outer surfaces bearing against the interior of said socket or chamber, shoulders adapted. to contact with said abutting surfaces when the bits are expanded, portions adapted to contact with the interior of the casing as the tool passes through the casing, and portions adapted to slide upon said spreading faces.

10. In an underreamer, the combination, of a mandrel, provided with acentral bore, a central socket or chamber and an-open-sided slotted hollow extension, having a bridge across its end, a spring-actuated slip-operating rodslidably mounted in said central bore and provided with a key or head and reaming-bits carried by said rod, portions of which hits extending up into said socket or chamber and bearing against the inner surface thereof, and said bits provided with portions adapted to operate against said bridge to expand the bits.

11. In an underreamer, the combination, of a mandrel, provided with a central bore, acentral'socket or chamber and an open-sided or slotted hollow extension, having a bridge across its ends, the upper end walls of the side slots forming abutting surfaces, a spring-actuated slip-operating rod slidably mounted in said central bore and provided with a key or head, and reaming-bits carried by said rod, portions of which bits extending up into said socket or chamber and bearingagainst the inner surfaces thereof, and said bits provided with portions adapted to operate against said bridge to expand the bits, and provided with shoulders to contact against said abutting surfaces.

12. In an -underreamer, in combination, a hollow mandrel, provided with a slotted extension, a spring-actuated rod slidably arranged therein and provided with a head or key, an end block or bridge keyed to the projecting endsof said slotted extension, said end block provided with under spreading faces and side bearing portions, and reamingkeyed to the projecting ends of said slotted extension and provided with under spreading faces and side bearing portions, a springactuated bit-operating rod slidably mounted in said central bore and provided with a key or head, and reaming-bits carried by said rod, portions of the bits extending up into said socket or chamber and bearing against the inner surface thereof, said bits provided with portions adapted to operate against said under spreading faces to expand the bits and said bits provided with portions adapted to contact with the interior of the casing as the tool passes therethrough.

14. In an underreamer, in combination, a hollow mandrel, provided with a slotted extension, a spring-actuated rod slidably arranged therein ancl provided with a head or key, an end block or bridge keyed to the projecting ends of said slotted extension, said end block provided with under spreading faces and side bearing portions, and reamingbits carried on said head or key, said bits provided with portions adapted to contact With said spreading faces and said bearing portions, and means, contacting with the interior of the casing when the tool passes therethrough, holding the bits in contracted posi tion.

15. In an underreamer, in combination, a

mandrel provided with a central bore, a slotted extension, and a central chamber, a springactuated rod slidably arranged in said central bore and provided with a key or head, an end block or bridge keyed to the projecting ends of said slotted extension, said end block provided with under spreading faces and side bearing portions. and reaming-bits carried by said head, said bits provided with portions adapted to contact with said spreading faces and bearing portions, with portions adapted to contact with the interior of the casing as the tool passes therethrough, with portions extending up intosaid socket or chamber and bearing against the inner surface thereof, and with shoulders adapted to bear against abutments on said mandrel when expanded, said abutments formed by the wall of the mandrel connecting the legs or walls of said slotted extension.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, this 12th day of December, 1902.

EDWARD DOUBLE.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK S. LYON, Enw. L. PAYNE. 

